近日，美国Quantinuum公司Anthony Ransford团队报道了一款具有全连通性的98量子比特阱离子量子计算机。该项研究成果发表在2026年6月17日出版的《自然》杂志上。

量子计算机需要同时具备高保真度操作和大量量子比特，才能超越经典计算能力。阱离子平台已展现出所有技术路线中最高的门保真度，但在保持性能的同时扩展到更多量子比特数仍是一项核心挑战。

研究组报道了Quantinuum Helios，一款基于量子电荷耦合器件（QCCD）架构的98量子比特阱离子量子处理器。Helios采用137Ba+超精细量子比特，通过一个可旋转的离子存储环连接两个量子操作区，并由一个结区实现全连通性，通过并行化操作提升了速度，并配备了支持动态程序实时编译的新型软件栈。

在整个系统的所有操作区上取平均，研究组实现了单量子比特（1Q）门平均不保真度2.5(1)×10-5，双量子比特（2Q）门平均不保真度7.9(2)×10-4，以及态制备与测量（SPAM）平均不保真度3.3(5)×10-4，这些指标均未达到基本原理限制，有望进一步改善。这些组件不保真度能够预测系统级性能，无论是随机克利福德线路还是随机线路采样（RCS），后者表明Helios的运行性能远超经典模拟能力，为量子计算机的保真度和复杂度确立了新的前沿。

附：英文原文

Title: A 98-qubit trapped-ion quantum computer with all-to-all connectivity

Author: Ransford, Anthony, Allman, M. S., Arkinstall, Jake, Campora, J. P., Cooper, Samuel F., Delaney, Robert D., Dreiling, Joan M., Estey, Brian, Figgatt, Caroline, Hall, Alex, Husain, Ali A., Isanaka, Akhil, Kennedy, Colin J., Kotibhaskar, Nikhil, Madjarov, Ivaylo S., Mayer, Karl, Milne, Alistair R., Park, Annie J., Reed, Adam P., Ancona, Riley, Andersen, Molly P., Andres-Martinez, Pablo, Angenent, Will, Argueta, Liz, Arkin, Benjamin, Ascarrunz, Leonardo, Baker, William, Barnes, Corey, Bartolotta, John, Berg, Jordan, Besand, Ryan, Bjork, Bryce, Blain, Matt, Blanchard, Paul, Blume-Kohout, Robin, Bohn, Matt, Borgna, Agustin, Botamanenko, Daniel Y., Boutelle, Robert, Brown, Natalie, Buckingham, Grant T., Burdick, Nathaniel Q., Burton, William Cody, Carey, Varis, Carron, Christopher J., Chambers, Joe, Chan, Jia Wen, Children, John, Colussi, Victor E., Crepinsek, Steven, Cureton, Andrew, Davies, Joe, Davis, Daniel, DeCross, Matthew, Deen, David, Delaney, Conor, DelVento, Davide, DeSalvo, B. J., Dominy, Jason, Drotar, Sydney, Duncan, Ross, Eccles, Vanya, Edgington, Alec, Erickson, Neal, Erickson, Stephen, Ertsgaard, Christopher T., Esposito, Jay, Evans, Bruce, Evans, Tyler, Fabrikant, Maya I., Fischer, Andrew, Foltz, Cameron, Foss-Feig, Michael, Francois, David, Freyberg, Brad

Issue&Volume: 2026-06-17

Abstract: Quantum computers require both high-fidelity operations and large qubit numbers to surpass classical capabilities1. Trapped-ion platforms have demonstrated the highest gate fidelities of any modality2,3,4,5,6 but scaling to larger qubit numbers while preserving performance has remained a central challenge. We report on Quantinuum Helios, a 98-qubit trapped-ion quantum processor based on the quantum charge-coupled device (QCCD) architecture7. Helios features 137Ba+ hyperfine qubits8,9, all-to-all connectivity enabled by a rotatable ion storage ring connecting two quantum operation regions by a junction10,11, speed improvements from parallelized operations12 and a new software stack with real-time compilation of dynamic programs13. Averaged over all operational zones in the system, we achieve average infidelities of 2.5(1)×105 for single-qubit (1Q) gates, 7.9(2)×104 for two-qubit (2Q) gates and 3.3(5)×104 for state preparation and measurement (SPAM), none of which are fundamentally limited and probably able to be improved. These component infidelities are predictive of system-level performance in both random Clifford circuits and random circuit sampling (RCS), the latter demonstrating that Helios operates well beyond the reach of classical simulation and establishes a new frontier of fidelity and complexity for quantum computers14.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-026-10676-4

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10676-4

期刊信息

Nature：《自然》，创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：69.504

官方网址：http://www.nature.com/

投稿链接：http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html