近日，南京科技大学Hai Wang团队报道了相干量子速度限制。该研究于2026年3月24日发表在《物理评论A》杂志上。

研究组建立了一个用于相干量子速度极限（QSLs）的综合理论框架，推导出了量子演化速率的基本界限，该界限明确分离了量子相干性的贡献。通过将矩阵范数的赫尔德不等式应用于刘维尔-冯·诺依曼方程，他们针对一般幺正动力学构建了两个无穷系列的QSLs。这些界限分别由基于薛定谔p-范数和海灵格距离的相干性度量来表征，两者均相对于瞬时能量本征基定义。

与传统的曼德尔施塔姆-塔姆界限不同，该方法将量子态的相干结构从哈密顿量的能级中解耦出来。利用通过绝热捷径加速的朗道-齐纳模型，研究组证明了相干性作为关键的运动学资源发挥作用：实现更快的演化需要在相对于瞬时基矢下维持高相干性的态。该结果为时间-能量不确定关系提供了资源理论的视角，为理解量子控制与信息处理的基本极限提供了深刻见解。

附：英文原文

Title: Coherent quantum speed limits

Author: Xuhui Xiao, Hai Wang, Xingze Qiu

Issue&Volume: 2026/03/24

Abstract: We establish a comprehensive theoretical framework for coherent quantum speed limits (QSLs), deriving fundamental bounds on the rate of quantum evolution that explicitly isolate the contribution of quantum coherence. By applying Hlders inequality for matrix norms to the Liouville–von Neumann equation, we construct two infinite families of QSLs for general unitary dynamics. These bounds are characterized by coherence measures based on Schatten -norms and Hellinger distance, respectively, defined with respect to the instantaneous energy eigenbasis. Unlike traditional Mandelstam-Tamm bounds, our approach disentangles the quantum states coherence structure from the Hamiltonians energy scale. Using the Landau-Zener model accelerated by shortcuts to adiabaticity, we demonstrate that coherence functions as a critical kinematic resource: achieving faster evolution entails maintaining a state with high coherence relative to the instantaneous basis. Our results provide a resource-theoretic perspective on time-energy uncertainty, offering insights into the fundamental limits of quantum control and information processing.

DOI: 10.1103/rdpr-db6m

Source: https://journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/rdpr-db6m